Ruby strings can be compared using comparison operators (==, <, >, etc.).

"hello" == "hello"   # true
"hello" == "goodbye" # false

String comparison in Ruby is case sensitive:

"hi" == "HI" # false
"oRanGE" == "ORanGe" # false
"oRanGE".downcase == "ORanGe".downcase # true

The comparisons where you just check equality are fairly straight forward. It gets more interesting with > and < comparisons. Here are some examples:

"cat" > "car" # true
"cat" < "car" # false
"cat" > "dog" # false
"Cat" > "dog" # false
"cat" > "Dog" # true